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Hydrogen peroxide structure

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Hydrogen peroxide

Chemical compound

  Oxygen, O

  Hydrogen, H

Names
IUPAC name

Hydrogen peroxide

Systematic IUPAC name

Peroxol

Other names

Dioxidane
Oxidanyl
Perhydroxic acid
0-hydroxyol
Oxygenated water
Peroxaan

Identifiers

CAS Number

3D model (JSmol)

ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard100.028.878
EC Number

IUPHAR/BPS

KEGG

PubChemCID

RTECS number
  • MX0900000 (>90% soln.)
    MX0887000 (>30% soln.)
UNII
UN number2015 (>60% soln.)
2014 (20–60% soln.)
2984 (8–20% soln.)

CompTox Dashboard(EPA)

InChI

  • InChI=1S/H2O2/c1-2/h1-2H Y
    Key: MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

  • InChI=1/H2O2/c1-2/h1-2H

    Key: MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYAL

Properties

Chemical formula

H2O2
Molar mass34.014 g·mol−1
Appearance Very light blue liquid
Odorslightly sharp
Density1.11 g/cm3 (20 °C, 30% (w/w) solution)[1]
1.450 g/cm3 (20 °C, pure)
Melting po
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Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a mostly clear, blue-ish liquid with similar melting and boiling points to water. It is a powerful and versatile oxidizer, but can act as a reducing agent in some circumstances. It also acts as a very weak acid (pKa = 11.6), forming hydrated peroxide salts (such as sodium peroxide octahydrate) with alkalis in aqueous solution.

Properties

Chemical

Hydrogen peroxide disproportionates into water and oxygen gas. This happens rapidly at high temperatures or when a catalyst, such as manganese dioxide or potassium iodide, is added and this is often used to produce oxygen gas in a home chemistry setting:

H2O2 → H2O + ½ O2

Hydrogen peroxide can be used as an oxidizer, and may enhance the oxidizing capabilities on mixing. For example, mixtures of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide not only will react faster than the acid alone, but will also react with organic compounds, sometimes explosively. Depending on the ratio of peroxide and sulfuric acid, there are several types: piranha solution (min H2SO4:H2O2 rati

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Hydrogen Peroxide

OVERVIEW

Hydrogen peroxide (HY-druh-jin per-OK-side) is a clear, colorless, somewhat unstable liquid with a bitter taste. When absolutely pure, the compound is quite stable. Even small amounts of impurities (such as iron or copper), however, act as catalysts that increase its tendency to decompose, sometimes violently, into water and nascent oxygen (O). To prevent decomposition, small amounts of inhibitors, such as acetanilide or sodium stannate are added to pure hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide solutions.

KEY FACTS

OTHER NAMES:

Hydrogen dioxide; hydroperoxide; peroxide

FORMULA:

H2O2

ELEMENTS:

Hydrogen; oxygen

COMPOUND TYPE:

Oxide (inorganic)

STATE:

Liquid

MOLECULAR WEIGHT:

34.02 g/mol

MELTING POINT:

−0.43°C (−31°F)

BOILING POINT:

150.2°C (302.4°F)

SOLUBILITY:

Very soluble in water; soluble in ether

Hydrogen peroxide was discovered in 1818 by French chemist Louis Jacques Thénard (1777–1857). It was first used commercially in the 1800s, primarily to bleach hats. Today, industrial processes make about 500 million kilograms (1 billi

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