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DJ Kool Herc (Clive Campbell)

DJ Kool Herc (Clive Campbell) was born April 16, 1955 in West Kingston, Jamaica and migrated to the Bronx, New York in 1967.[1] His classmates at Alfred E. Smith High School referred to him as Hercules because of his size and avid trips to the weight room.[2] Herc started out as a graffiti artist in a group called the Ex-Vandals, but was introduced to deejaying when his father bought a PA system and didn’t know how to hook it up.[3][4]

Inspired by James Brown and Jamaican music’s drum and bass, Herc experimented with records in his bedroom.[5] He would focus on what he referred to as “the get-down part” because it was the portion of the song was that got the dancers excited.[6] Also known as “the break” of a record, Herc would isolate these heavy bass and percussion snippets and used two turntables to switch between two copies of the same record. This technique became known as the “Merry-Go-Round,” and he is now considered the originator of break-beat DJing itself.[7]

16-year-old Herc m

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DJ Kool Herc

Jamaican American DJ (born 1955)

Musical artist

Clive Campbell (born April 16, 1955), better known by his stage name DJ Kool Herc, is a Jamaican American DJ who is credited with being one of the founders of hip hop music in the Bronx, New York City, in 1973. Nicknamed the Father of Hip-Hop, Campbell began playing hard funk records of the sort typified by James Brown. Campbell began to isolate the instrumental portion of the record which emphasized the drum beat—the "break"—and switch from one break to another. Using the same two-turntable set-up of disco DJs, he used two copies of the same record to elongate the break. This breakbeat DJing, using funky drum solos, formed the basis of hip hop music. Campbell's announcements and exhortations to dancers helped lead to the syncopated, rhythmically spoken accompaniment now known as rapping.

He called the dancers "break-boys" and "break-girls", or simply b-boys and b-girls, terms that continue to be used fifty years later in the sport of breaking. Campbell's DJ style was quickly taken up by figures such as Afrika

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TeachRock

(b. 1955)

A Jamaican native who moved to New York City’s Bronx borough at the age of 12, Kool Herc is widely credited as the originator of Hip Hop.

Herc (given name Clive Campbell) came to prominence in the early 1970s, when he began throwing dance parties in the rec room at his family’s apartment complex in the South Bronx – at the time a blighted, crime-ridden neighborhood. Noting a spike in crowd energy during the instrumental breaks on the Funk and Soul records he spun, Herc came up with the technique of extending the break by playing two copies of the same record on dual turntables. As one record reached the end of the break, he cued the other record back to the beginning of the break, turning a snippet of a record into an extended loop. He initially called the technique "the Merry-Go-Round," but it came to be called “breakbeat” deejaying, and its sound would spawn an entirely new culture.

Taking a page from Jamaican toasters, Herc also commandeered the mike to rally dancers with rhymed exhortations (calling dancers &ldquo